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From: Jack Bacheler, Extension Entomologist
The bollworm moth flight appears to be declining somewhat in the southern part of the state, but moth levels remain high enough there and elsewhere to be a potential concern, particularly on non-Bt and on Bollgard cotton. On August 4, our pheromone traps in Edgecombe County in central North Carolina caught 600 and 400 tobacco budworms and bollworms, respectively. As is the case with stink bugs, these next two or three weeks would be a good time to scout intensively for threshold levels of bollworms and stink bugs.
As most of you know, at least for now, tobacco budworms do not become established on any of the Bt technologies, i.e., Bollgard, Widestrike and Bollgard II cotton varieties. When high numbers of tobacco budworm moths are part of the major bollworm moth flight, however, budworms can become a real headache on non-Bt cotton. Sometimes budworms become established ahead of the major bollworm moth flight when we are more attuned to noting bollworm moths in the field and responding to egg thresholds of bollworms. Once established, even as second stage, 1/8-inch caterpillars, tobacco budworms are very difficult to control with pyrethroid insecticides (unlike small bollworms against which a medium to high rate of a pyrethroid usually does a good job). Another confounding factor is that we can only tell the egg stage of bollworms from budworms with egg kits which are no longer being sold. Although insecticides like Tracer and Steward provide good control of budworms when they are small, these products are pricy and are usually less effective against the more common bollworm. Still, if one could just predict if budworms would make up a significant proportion of the budworm/bollworm early establishment on squares, bloom tags and small bolls, Tracer and Steward would be good options on conventional cotton. Whether bollworms or budworms are present on conventional cotton or bollworms is present on Bt cotton varieties, do not allow the level of small caterpillars get beyond 2 to 3 percent on squares or small bolls, or under bloom tags.
Remember that most cotton is still in the third to fifth or sixth week of blooming, and a 10 percent internal boll damage threshold is recommended during this period for stink bugs. At this time of the growing season, stink bugs will begin to gravitate towards cotton fields that have better moisture levels and less mature, more susceptible fruit, so damage may be higher in these fields than in cotton fields which have begun to cut out.
We have observed some moderate levels of cotton aphids in several locations during the past week. However, in all cases, some level of the aphid fungus Neozygites fresenii was present, so these populations, and most others, are not expected to be an economic concern.
From: Steve Bambara, Extension Entomologist
The U. S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) confirmed the identification of the emerald ash borer in Fairfax County, Virginia, on July 9, 2008. This emerald ash borer detection is in close proximity to Dulles International Airport. The initial detection was made on July 7, 2008, by an employee from the Virginia Department of Forestry (VDF), who noticed several suspect emerald ash borer exit holes. The VDF informed the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (VDACS) who, in turn, notified APHIS of the suspect emerald ash borer find.
On July 8, 2008, APHIS and VDACS personnel visited the suspect emerald ash borer site in Fairfax, Virginia. One partially emerged adult and two dead adult beetles were recovered and sent to an APHIS Identifier in Michigan, who confirmed their identity as emerald ash borer. In response to this detection, APHIS is working closely with the State of Virginia to carry out delimiting surveys around the initial detection site. Further, it is necessary for APHIS to quarantine this infested area in order to prevent the further spread of emerald ash borer. Accordingly, effective immediately, all interstate movement of emerald ash borer regulated articles from Fairfax County must be done in accordance with the Federal Order. Specifically, the interstate movement of emerald ash borer-host wood and wood products from Fairfax County is regulated, including firewood of all hardwoods species, nursery stock, green lumber, waste, compost, and chips of ash species. The Federal Order allows Virginia 30 days from July 11, 2008, to place an equivalent parallel quarantine in place for emerald ash borer, otherwise it will be necessary to quarantine the entire State as an emerald ash borer quarantine area.
Emerald ash borer (image from the U.S. Forest Service) is present in some parts of the United States. Currently, the entire States of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois are quarantined for emerald ash borer, together with portions of Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, the entirety of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula, and Prince George’s County in Maryland. Four counties in western Pennsylvania are also under quarantine and emerald ash borer was detected last year in one county in West Virginia. Emerald ash borer is an invasive wood boring beetle that is native to China and eastern Asia. Emerald ash borer probably arrived in North America hidden in wood packing materials commonly used to ship consumer and other goods. It was first detected in the United States in southeastern Michigan. Since then, emerald ash borer has been responsible for the death and decline of more that 25 million ash trees in the United States. The interstate movement of firewood from quarantined areas is an especially high risk pathway for spreading emerald ash borer, and APHIS is working with State cooperators and foresters to raise awareness about this threat among the public.
Under IPPC standards, the emerald ash borer is considered to be a pest that is present, only in some areas and subject to official control in the United States.
For more information on the emerald ash borer, visit the national emerald ash borer website at: http://www.emeraldashborer.info/index.cfm.
This week I received these Raleigh images of the beech blight aphid (figure 1; figure 2; images by Jean Carter). This woolly aphid is a honeydew producer and is found in concentrations on Fagus. Ants are often associated with this aphid. It is not reported often. It probably does minimal damage to a large plant. Mechanical controls or spot treatment would probably be sufficient if any measures were even needed.
Robert Childs from UMass states, "Another reported characteristic of this aphid is that it will raise the posterior end of its body and sway when it is disturbed. This action produces a dance-like effect that occurs throughout the colony. This phenomenon has led some to refer to this species as the ‘Boogie-Woogie Aphid.’ It is a unique experience to see hundreds, if not thousands, of these perform this defensive, yet highly entertaining, behavior."
For more information on the beech blight aphid, you can visit a UMass Extension insect note on the web at http://www.umassgreeninfo.org/fact_sheets/piercing_sucking/beech_blight_aphid.pdf.
From: Richard W. Rhodes, County Extension Director, Bertie County
***************************************************************************
Windsor Woodard Hexlena Roxobel Colerain
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Date Moths GSB Moths GSB Moths GSB Moths GSB Moths GSB
***************************************************************************
July 16 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
July 17 0 0 7 0 0 0 10 0 0 0
July 18 0 0 4 0 0 0 7 0 0 0
July 19 0 0 7 0 0 0 - - 0 0
July 20 0 0 4 0 0 0 - - 0 0
July 21 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 7 0 0
July 22 0 2 6 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
July 23 2 1 4 0 0 0 - - 32 2
July 24 0 3 8 0 0 2 5 2 57 2
July 25 2 1 13 0 0 0 2 0 62 1
July 26 6 3 15 0 - - - - - -
July 27 12 3 18 0 - - - - - -
July 28 7 1 17 0 3 3 7 1 160 4
July 29 12 0 49 0 5 0 31 1 370 5
July 30 39 6 30 0 - - 8 1 - -
July 31 46 4 18 0 15 0 8 0 92 0
August 1 - - 1 0 17 0 28 1 192 1
August 2 79 6 0 0 - - 14 0 - -
August 3 - - 18 0 - - - - - -
August 4 35 2 48 2 41 0 29 3 730 6
August 5 - - 38 2 - - 13 1 360 6
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Moths = Bollworm moths; GSB = Green stink bugs
From: Al Hight, County Extension Director, Brunswick County
********************************
Corn Green
earworm stink
Date moths bugs
********************************
July 28 18 6
July 29 16 3
July 30 14 -
July 31 light turned off
August 1 37 6
********************************
From: Mike Williams, County Extension Director, Chowan County
********************************
Bollworm Stink
Date moths bugs
********************************
July 24 10 -
July 25 15 2
July 26 14 0
July 27 - -
July 28 66 3
July 29 50 0
July 30 - -
July 31 228 3
August 1 115 0
August 2 60 0
August 3 21 6
August 4 56 0
August 5 67 16
August 6 55 5
August 7 58 1
********************************
From: Mike Carroll, Agricultural Extension Agent, Craven County
*************************************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
**************************************************************
Date THW TBW CEW GSB BSB ECB FAW BAW Looper
*************************************************************************
July 18 4 0 28 4 1 2 7 - -
July 21 0 0 6 6 1 5 3 1 1
July 23 3 0 21 1 1 2 4 0 1
July 25 3 1 29 4 0 3 1 1 0
July 28 2 1 82 3 1 3 0 2 3
July 30 5 - 62 3 1 3 6 3 3
August 1 - - - - - - - - -
August 4 7 3 227 13 2 5 12 4 4
August 6 4 0 190 14 1 2 17 2 2
*************************************************************************
THW = tobacco hornworms; TBW = tobacco budworms; CEW = corn earworms;
GSB = green stink bugs; BSB = brown stink bugs; ECB = European corn
borers; FAW = fall armyworms; BAW = beet armyworms
Location of trap: Cove City
Cooperators: R&W McCoy Farms and Cove City Fertilizer
From: Colby S. Lambert, Agricultural Extension Agent, Cumberland County
*****************************************
Number of Adult Insects
*******************************
Date THW CEW GSB BSB
*****************************************
July 23 1 8 1 0
July 25 2 29 1 0
July 28 6 165 13 0
July 30 2 190 3 0
August 1 0 98 3 0
August 4 0 101 9 0
August 7 0 160 10 0
*****************************************
THW = tobacco hornworms; CEW = corn earworms;
GSB = green stinks bugs; BSB = brown stink bugs
Trap located in Godwin at Cumberland/Harnett County Line
at Lewis Farms off of Highway 301
From: Curtis D. Fountain, Agricultural Extension Agent, Duplin County
***********************************
Number of Adult Insects
************************
Date BW GSB BSB
***********************************
July 2 0 0 0
July 4 1 4 0
July 7 1 8 0
July 9 0 6 0
July 11 0 12 1
July 14 2 1 0
July 16 1 1 0
July 18 4 0 0
July 21 12 2 2
July 23 21 0 1
July 25 48 5 0
July 28 62 0 1
July 30 - - -
August 1 105 3 0
August 4 45 24 4
August 6 68 26 4
August 8 35 2 0
***********************************
BW = cotton bollworms; GSB = green
stink bugs; BSB = brown stink bugs
Trap location: approximately two miles east of Albertson
Cooperator: Justin Murphy
From: Alan A. Harper, Lenoir County
June
******************************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
****************************************************
Date HW CEW ECB AW AWC GSB BSB TBW
******************************************************************
June 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
June 2 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0
June 3 0 1 0 1 0 3 0 0
June 4 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0
June 5 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0
June 6 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
June 7 1 1 0 0 0 2 4 0
June 8 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 0
June 9 0 2 0 1 1 4 2 0
June 10 1 2 0 1 1 2 1 0
June 11 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 0
June 12 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
June 13 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 0
June 14 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 0
June 15 0 2 2 0 0 2 2 0
June 16 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 1
June 17 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0
June 18 1 2 0 0 2 1 0 1
June 19 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
June 20 0 2 2 0 1 0 0 0
June 21 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 0
June 22 0 6 1 0 0 2 0 0
June 23 1 3 1 0 2 3 0 0
June 24 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0
June 25 0 4 2 0 3 0 1 0
June 26 1 1 0 0 4 1 0 0
June 27 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
June 28 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0
June 29 0 2 0 1 3 2 0 0
June 30 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
******************************************************************
July
******************************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
****************************************************
Date HW CEW ECB AW AWC GSB BSB TBW
******************************************************************
July 1 0 4 0 2 5 0 0 1
July 2 1 1 1 0 3 0 0 0
July 3 0 1 2 0 7 0 0 0
July 4 3 1 3 0 4 2 0 0
July 5 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
July 6 2 6 4 0 4 1 0 0
July 7 1 4 0 0 3 0 0 0
July 8 3 2 2 0 0 2 0 0
July 9 2 2 3 0 2 0 0 0
July 10 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0
July 11 3 2 3 2 1 0 0 0
July 12 4 0 1 2 0 0 0 1
July 13 3 2 1 1 1 0 0 0
July 14 5 1 3 0 2 1 0 0
July 15 5 3 3 0 3 0 0 1
July 16 3 3 1 3 1 1 0 0
July 17 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
July 18 0 4 0 0 0 3 0 0
July 19 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
July 20 1 7 1 0 0 1 0 0
July 21 1 10 0 0 1 4 0 0
July 22 0 4 1 0 1 1 0 0
July 23 1 16 0 0 0 1 0 0
July 24 1 19 0 0 0 2 0 0
July 25 1 47 1 2 1 0 0 1
July 26 0 52 0 0 0 1 0 0
July 27 0 47 0 1 0 1 0 0
July 28 0 36 0 0 0 0 0 0
July 29 1 61 1 0 1 4 0 1
July 30 0 32 0 1 0 1 0 0
July 31 0 37 1 0 1 1 0 1
******************************************************************
August
******************************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
****************************************************
Date HW CEW ECB AW AWC GSB BSB TBW
******************************************************************
August 1 0 41 0 0 0 1 0 0
August 2 0 55 1 1 0 4 0 3
August 3 0 26 0 0 0 3 0 0
August 4 0 46 1 0 1 1 0 0
August 5 0 66 2 0 0 2 0 1
August 6 0 71 0 0 0 4 0 2
August 7 0 51 0 0 2 10 0 0
August 8 1 28 1 0 2 3 0 1
******************************************************************
Abbreviations: HW = hornworms; CEW = corn earworms; ECB = European
corn borers; AW = true armyworms; AWC = armyworm complex; GSB =
green stink bugs; BSB = brown stink bugs; TBW = tobacco budworms
From: J. B. Coltrain, County Extension Director, Martin County
**************************************
Farm Life Robersonville
**************************************
Date BW GSB BW GSB
**************************************
July 14 4 0 4 1
July 16 2 0 4 0
July 18 2 0 2 0
July 21 4 0 2 2
July 23 4 0 2 0
July 25 6 5 6 0
July 28 11 1 8 1
July 30 13 6 9 1
August 1 20 3 8 1
August 4 17 7 6 0
August 6 14 1 2 0
***************************************
BW = Bollworm moths; GSB = Green stink bugs
From: Charlie Tyson, Agricultural Extension Agent, Nash County
*****************************
Stink
Date Bollworms bugs
*****************************
August 1 16 0
August 4 46 0
*****************************
BW = bollworms; SB = stink bugs
Trap location: near Hickory Crossroads
From: Craig Ellison, Agricultural Extension Agent, Northampton County
*************************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
*****************************************************
Woodland Conway Seaboard Gaston Jackson
********* ********* ********* ********* *********
Date CEW GR BR CEW GR BR CEW GR BR CEW GR BR CEW GR BR
*************************************************************
July 25 1 0 0 - - - - - - - - - 2 1 0
July 28 0 5 0 - - - 8 0 0 - - - 13 21 3
July 30 1 3 0 - - - 14 4 2 - - - 21 23 0
Aug. 1 2 3 0 - - - 8 1 0 - - - 58 11 0
Aug. 4 1 1 0 - - - 17 0 0 - - - 76 11 0
Aug. 6 0 3 0 - - - 21 0 0 - - - 76 17 1
Aug. 8 5 - - 12 0 0 28 1 0 - - - 165 9 1
*************************************************************
CEW = corn earworms; GR = green stink bugs; BR = brown stink bugs
Locations: Woodland, Conway, Seaboard, Gaston and Jackson
Monitored by: L. Culpepper, K. Edwards, T. Flythe,
D. Grant and B. Bryant
From: Tray Bridgers, Agricultural Extension Agent, Sampson County
******************************************
Number of Adult Insects
***************************
Date BW GSB BSB THW
******************************************
July 25 34 4 - -
July 28 117 3 - 3
July 30 102 8 - -
August 1 65 4 - 1
August 4 154 11 - 6
August 6 71 7 - 5
******************************************
BW = cotton bollworms; GSB = green stink bugs;
BSB = brown stink bugs; THW = tobacco hornworms
Black trap located 6 miles south of Clinton on
US-701S on the farm of Mike and James Hope.
From: David E. Morrison, Agricultural Extension Agent, Scotland County
***********************************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
*************************************************************
Gibson John’s Laurinburg
****************** ***************** *****************
Date BW GSB BSB FAW BW GSB BSB FAW BW GSB BSB FAW
***********************************************************************
July 16 - - - - 46 - 1 - 32 1 - -
July 18 - - - - 24 2 - - 36 1 - -
July 21 45 4 - - 121 4 - - 140 1 - -
July 23 101 4 1 - 172 4 1 - 309 5 - -
July 25 112 - - - 217 2 - - 362 4 - -
July 28 238 5 - - 517 4 - - 405 12 - -
July 30 184 7 - - 390 4 1 - 386 10 - -
Aug. 1 134 4 - - 182 1 - - 362 4 - -
Aug. 4 54 4 - - 85 9 2 - 220 2 - -
***********************************************************************
BW = bollworm moth; GSB = green stink bugs;
BSB = brown stink bugs; FAW = fall armyworms
From: Kevin Johnson, Agricultural Extension Agent, Wayne County
**********************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
***********************************************
Seven Springs Goldsboro
********************** *********************
Date GSB BSB CEW HW GSB BSB CEW HW
**********************************************************
July 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
July 11 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
July 14 0 4 0 2 4 2 2 0
July 16 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
July 18 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0
July 21 0 0 0 0 17 4 0 0
July 23 2 0 1 9 4 0 4 1
July 25 0 0 0 0 1 1 22 1
July 28 10 0 10 30 17 1 119 2
July 30 3 1 11 23 2 9 116 3
August 1 1 0 10 11 12 5 83 3
August 4 0 0 0 0 50 15 135 1
**********************************************************
GSB = green stink bugs; BSB = brown stink bugs;
CEW = corn earworms; HW = hornworms
Cooperators: D. M. Price (Seven Springs); Willie Howell (Goldsboro)
From: Norman E. Harrell, Agricultural Extension Agent, Wilson County
***************************************************************
Number of Adult Insects
***********************************************
Lucama Pender's Xrds Sims Fountain
******** ************* ******** ********
Date CEW GSB CEW GSB CEW GSB CEW GSB
***************************************************************
July 21 - - 5 0 - - 3 5
July 23 4 5 7 0 1 1 7 5
July 25 6 5 2 0 0 0 16 4
July 28 14 10 9 1 3 1 20 5
July 30 12 5 16 1 3 2 22 3
August 1 13 1 14 1 7 1 23 4
August 4 13 5 15 1 7 0 49 4
August 6 20 5 18 1 7 2 32 4
August 8 14 3 10 0 9 1 23 2
***************************************************************
CEW = corn earworms; GSB = green stink bugs
Locations: Lucama, Pender's Crossroads, Sims and Fountain
Monitored by: Chris Bass, Adam Gardner, Thad Sharpe and Barbara Smith
Employment and program opportunities are offered to all people regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability. North Carolina State University, North Carolina A&T State University, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and local governments cooperating.
Last modified on August 8, 2008 by Stephen J. Toth, Jr.