Introduction
If apple production in the Southeast is to be competitive in both the fresh
and processed fruit markets, then insect and disease pests must be managed
ecologically and economically.
The purpose of this publication is to describe the life cycles, growth habits,
and identification of various arthropod and disease pests so that producers
can make sound management decisions. This publication also covers sampling and
monitoring methods that can help producers and scouts detect and recognize
pest problems. It includes guidelines for using honeybees to pollinate apples.
Through proper identification and management of various insect and disease
pests, production of high-quality fruit at nationally competitive prices should
become a usual occurrence in the Southeast.
Contributing Authors
Clyde S. Gorsuch, Extension Entomologist, Clemson University
Floyd Hendrix, Plant Pathologist, University of Georgia
Dan L. Horton, Extension Entomologist, University of Georgia
John R. McVay, Extension Entomologist, Auburn University
Charles B. Ogburn, Extension Agricultural Engineer, Auburn
University
Edward J. Sikora, Extension Plant Pathologist, Auburn University
Turner Sutton, Extension and Research Plant Pathologist, North
Carolina State University
James F. Walgenbach, Extension Entomologist, North Carolina State
University
Acknowledgments
The editors and authors of the sections of this publication dealing with
insects acknowledge the contributions of the late George C. Rock, Entomologist,
North Carolina State University, for his valuable contributions to the
understanding of apple insects in the Southeast. Some of his publications have
been drawn upon in the completion of this work.
The editors wish to express appreciation to the graphic artist, Al Eiland, and
to the technical editor, Leigh Stribling.