Skunks
Eastern striped skunk, Mephitis mephitus,
Spotted skunks, Spilogale spp.
Mustellidae, CARNIVORA

DESCRIPTION

Adult -- Including the tail, spotted skunks are 47.5 to 51 cm long. Striped skunks are 46.5 to 81.5 cm long. Skunks are black with white stripes (two in the eastern striped skunk) or spots (in the spotted skunks four stripes are broken into various stripes and spots).

Young -- Newborn skunk kits weigh about 10 to 30 g. Six to 8-week old skunks are weaned so that by this time they probably resemble the adults except for size.


BIOLOGY

Distribution -- Eastern striped skunks are found from southern Canada to northern Mexico. Spotted skunks are found throughout the southeastern United States except for western Kentucky and Tennessee and eastern North Carolina and southeastern South Carolina and Georgia.

Hosts -- Skunks are omnivorous, feeding primarily upon vegetable matter and insects during the summer and upon smaller mammals in winter.

Damage -- Skunks damage turf when they discover abundant white grub populations. Skunks dig through the sod and feed on the white grubs thereby uprooting the sod and aggravating the damage already begun by the grubs. Skunks may also spray a disagreeable substance on unwary people who disturb them.

Life History -- After a 63-day gestation period during the spring and early summer, four to ten kits are born in a den lined with dry vegetation. Spotted skunks sometimes nest in hollow trees. Striped skunks live in burrows, under buildings or in almost any dry place. The kits are weaned in 6 or 7 weeks and breed the following year. Skunks probably live 10 years. Skunks are active at dusk and throughout the night.

Skunks sleep throughout the winter except during warm spells when they emerge to forage. Striped skunks often overwinter gregariously with several females and one male (never more) to a den. Skunks apparently rely on their severely contrasted coloration to warn other animals of the disagreeable discharge which skunks can spray from anal glands.


CONTROL

Controlling grub populations will prevent skunks from digging up the turf. Skunks can also be controlled by trapping.