Adelgid, aphidlike insect of the family Phylloxeridae that feeds on the bark and needles of conifers.
Aestivate, to become dormant or inactive during the summer.
Anal, at or near the anus.
Arthropod, an animal having a segmented body, an exoskeleton, and jointed legs.
Caterpillar, the wormlike larva of a moth, butterfly, skipper, or sawfly that usually has three pairs of jointed thoracic legs and two or more pairs of abdominal legs.
Caudal, at or near the tail.
Centimeter, a metric unit of length; 0.394 inches.
Cephalothorax, in mites, a body region including both the head and the thorax.
Chafer, certain phytophagous beetles of the family Scarabaeidae.
Chlorosis, yellowing of normally green plant tissues; a common symptom of insect damage, disease, or nutrient deficiency.
Cocoon, a silken or fibrous case spun by a larva to afford protection during its pupal period.
Cornicle, one of a pair of "honey tubes" that extend from the abdomen of an aphid.
Crawler the motile first-instar nymph of a scale insect.
Dorsal, top or uppermost; pertaining to the back or upper side.
Elytra, thickened, leathery forewings that cover the hind wings; common to beetles and earwigs.
Edradicate, to eliminate a particular pest species from a designated area.
Eriophyid, a microscopic mite of the family Eriophyidae that is usually associated with galling, distortion, or other abnormal plant growth.
Exuviae, cast skin of an arthropod, e.g. mite, spider, insect.
Fly speck, a tiny spot of excrement left by a fly.
Frass, insect droppings, usually a combination of leaf fragments or wood borings and excrement.
Gall, a tumorlike swelling of plant tissues induced by the development of another plant or an animal (including an insect).
Generation, a group of offspring of the same species that develop at approximately the same time.
Grub, typically a sluggish, C-shaped beetle larva of the family Scarabaeidae having three pairs of forelegs and a fat, whitish body; also, used loosely to refer to many soil-inhabiting larvae of Coleoptera and Hymenoptera (sometimes legless).
Hectare, a metric unit of area; 2.471 acres.
Honeydew, a sugary liquid excreted by certain insects of the order Hemiptera, including aphids and whiteflies.
Infestation, the presence of large numbers of an animal pest species where they are likely to cause damage or annoyance to man.
Insect, a six-legged arthropod that as an adult has three distinct body regions and often has one or two pairs of wings.
Instar, the life stage of an arthropod between successive molts.
Larva, (plural larvae), in reference to insects with complete metamorphosis, the immature form occurring between the egg and pupal stages; in reference to mites and ticks, the six-legged first instar
Life cycle, the development of an insect or mite from the egg to the reproductive stage.
Longitudinal, lengthwise.
Maggot, the larva of a fly, usually applied to those larvae lacking a distinct head.
Mesophyll, the photosynthetic tissue of a leaf located between the two outer leaf tissues.
Metamorphosis, change in form and function during the development of an insect or mite.
Meter, a metric unit of length; 1.094 yards.
Microtubercles, microscopic, knoblike projections.
Millimeter, a metric unit of length; 0.034 inches.
Mite, usually a minute arthropod, eight-legged as an adult and closely related to ticks.
Molt, the process of replacing the skin with a new skin; shedding.
Nymph, in reference to insects with simple or no metamorphosis, the immature form between egg and adult; in reference to mites and ticks, the eight-legged immature form.
Oviposition, the process of laying eggs.
Ovipositor, an elongate structure extending from the abdomen of some female insects through which eggs are deposited.
Parasite, any plant or animal that lives in or on another organism to the detriment of the host.
Parenchyma, a plant tissue composed of thin-walled, unspecialized cells separated by air spaces.
Parthenogenetic, capable of reproduction without mating (i.e. without male fertilization of the eggs).
Phytophagous, plant eating.
Pith, soft, spongy tissue located in the center of the stems of some plants.
Prepupa, in reference to caterpillars and grubs, the fully mature sluggish, nonfeeding last larval instar prior to pupation in reference to thrips and male scale insects, the next to the last nymphal instar that has wing pads and short, thickened legs (sometimes referred to as "propupa").
Proleg, a fleshy abdominal leg of some insect larvae, particularly caterpillars.
Prothorax, the thoracic segment located closest to the head.
Pubescent, hairy, fuzzy.
Papa (plural pupae), in insects with complete metamorphosis, the life stage between larva and adult; the next to the last developmental stage in thrips, male scales, and whiteflies.
Sclerotization, process by which the insect cuticle becomes hardened and darkened.
Seta (plural settle), a hairlike structure.
Sooty mold, a dark fungal growth that develops on foliage covered with honeydew excretions from insects.
Stadium, the period of time between the molts of a developing arthropod.
Stem mother, in aphids, the form that hatches from the winter egg and matures to produce offspring without mating.
Stigma (plural stigmata), a thickened area of the wing membrane located just behind the front margin of the forewing.
Thoracic, of or pretaining to the thorax.
Thorax, the second, major body region of adult insects from which the legs and wings arise.
Tubercle, a small, knoblike projection.